@neil @andypiper @bodil @ConnyDuck I'm reminded of this engineering FAQ from Plausible on server-side logs: https://plausible.io/blog/server-log-analysis#problems-with-server-logs
more on how they count visitors (and GDPR compliance): https://plausible.io/data-policy#how-we-count-unique-users-without-cookies
hash(daily_salt + website_domain + ip_address + user_agent)

Cookieless web analytics and can Google Analytics work without cookies?
Are you confused about Google Analytics and the requirement to show the cookie consent banner to your visitors? Can you have cookie free web analytics?

Plausible Analytics (plausible.io)
local storage opt-out demo CSS: https://plausible.io/docs/excluding-localstorage